One of Australia’s most iconic lizards, loved for its dramatic “beard,” quirky behaviors, and bold personality. Found across eastern and southeastern Australia, from woodlands and forests to dry scrublands and even suburban backyards, this reptile is perfectly adapted to a wide range of environments. It is a medium-to-large lizard with a broad, triangular head, spiny scales along its body, and a flattened appearance that helps it soak up the sun. But the feature that gives it its name is the expandable “beard” under its throat, which turns dark and puffs up when the lizard feels threatened, excited, or wants to impress a mate.

Unlike many shy reptiles, these dragons are bold and curious. They are famous for their unusual gestures, like arm-waving—where they slowly raise one front leg and circle it, a signal of submission or recognition—and head-bobbing, a quicker movement often used to show dominance. These behaviors make them seem almost expressive, making people feel they communicate more like pets than wild reptiles. They are also excellent climbers, often found basking on logs, rocks, and fence posts, where they can survey their surroundings and soak up the warmth they need to stay active.

Diet is another key feature that sets them apart. Eastern bearded dragons are omnivores, happily munching on insects, spiders, flowers, fruits, and leafy plants. This flexible diet makes them adaptable to changing environments, including areas humans disturb. Unlike some reptiles that only eat meat or plants, these dragons thrive on variety, which helps them survive in Australia’s unpredictable climate. When food or water is scarce, they can also slow down their metabolism and spend time in brumation (a reptile version of hibernation), staying sheltered and conserving energy until conditions improve.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Australia

LC

2017