Arthroleptidae – Screeching frogs

The family of frogs native to Sub-Saharan African rainforests. The majority of species within this family are terrestrial and prefer to inhabit the leaf litter of the rainforest floor. However, there are exceptions, with some members of this family choosing to live in the tree canopies, showcasing their adaptability to diverse ecological niches.

One of the most intriguing features of these frogs is their remarkable defense mechanism: the scream. Scientists believe that this vocalization evolved as a means to startle potential attackers, diverting their attention and potentially discouraging predation. The piercing scream is a distinctive trait of these frogs, serving as both a warning signal and a means of protection.

During the breeding season, male frogs in this family undergo a remarkable transformation. They develop lengthy, hair-like projections on their thighs, a unique feature not commonly observed in other frog species. These hair-like structures are believed to have multiple functions, including assisting in cutaneous breathing. This adaptation allows these frogs to remain submerged for extended periods, reducing the necessity to leave their eggs unattended.

Moreover, these shaggy males play a crucial role in parental care, devoting significant periods of time to guarding and protecting their eggs. The specialized hairs may help with oxygen exchange, ensuring the well-being of the developing embryos.