Pristine Habitat (Converted Land)

This metric is crucial for understanding the scale and impact of human activities on natural landscapes, ecosystems, and biodiversity. This metric recognizes that while the proportion of a country that is protected is important, how each country manages its unprotected land is equally crucial to ensure a sustainable future for its ecosystems. Converted land typically includes areas used for crop cultivation, livestock grazing, urban development, and infrastructure projects. Such transformations often lead to significant ecological changes, including habitat loss, decreased biodiversity, and altered hydrological systems, which can have profound long-term effects on environmental health and sustainability.

Monitoring the percentage of converted land is essential for environmental planning and conservation efforts. It helps policymakers and conservationists gauge the extent of land-use change and its ecological impacts, guiding decisions on land management, restoration, and conservation priorities. Efforts to balance land conversion with environmental conservation involve implementing sustainable land-use practices, promoting urban planning that minimizes ecological footprints, and rehabilitating degraded lands. By managing and limiting the extent of converted land, societies can work towards more sustainable interactions with their natural environments, ensuring the preservation of biodiversity and the continued provision of ecosystem services.

The higher the score, the better the country ranks for this parameter.

The table is sorted from the highest score to the lowest:

Rank Country Score Change
1
Afghanistan
100 None
1
Algeria
100 None
1
Angola
100 None
1
Argentina
100 None
1
Armenia
100 None
1
Australia
100 None
1
Bahamas
100 None
1
Belize
100 None
1
Bhutan
100 None
1
Bolivia
100 None
1
Bosnia and Herz.
100 None
1
Botswana
100 None
1
Brazil
100 None
1
Brunei
100 None
1
Burkina Faso
100 None
1
Cape Verde
100 None
1
Cameroon
100 None
1
Canada
100 None
1
Central Af. Rep.
100 None
1
Chad
100 None
1
Chile
100 None
1
Colombia
100 None
1
Comoros
100 None
1
Costa Rica
100 None
1
DR Congo
100 None
1
Djibouti
100 None
1
Dominica
100 None
1
Dominican Republic
100 None
1
East Timor
100 None
1
Ecuador
100 None
1
Egypt
100 None
1
El Salvador
100 None
1
Equatorial Guinea
100 None
1
Eritrea
100 None
1
Estonia
100 None
1
Eswatini
100 None
1
Ethiopia
100 None
1
Micronesia
100 None
1
Fiji
100 None
1
Finland
100 None
1
Gabon
100 None
1
Georgia
100 None
1
Ghana
100 None
1
Guatemala
100 None
1
Guinea
100 None
1
Guinea-Bissau
100 None
1
Guyana
100 None
1
Haiti
100 None
1
Honduras
100 None
1
Iceland
100 None
1
Indonesia
100 None
1
Iran
100 None
1
Iraq
100 None
1
Ireland
100 None
1
Ivory Coast
100 None
1
Jamaica
100 None
1
Jordan
100 None
1
Kazakhstan
100 None
1
Kenya
100 None
1
Kiribati
100 None
1
Kuwait
100 None
1
Kyrgyztan
100 None
1
Laos
100 None
1
Lesotho
100 None
1
Liberia
100 None
1
Madagascar
100 None
1
Malaysia
100 None
1
Maldives
100 None
1
Mali
100 None
1
Marshall Islands
100 None
1
Mauritania
100 None
1
Mauritius
100 None
1
Mexico
100 None
1
Mongolia
100 None
1
Montenegro
100 None
1
Morocco
100 None
1
Mozambique
100 None
1
Namibia
100 None
1
New Zealand
100 None
1
Nicaragua
100 None
1
Niger
100 None
1
North Macedonia
100 None
1
Norway
100 None
1
Oman
100 None
1
Panama
100 None
1
Papua New Guinea
100 None
1
Paraguay
100 None
1
Peru
100 None
1
Philippines
100 None
1
Qatar
100 None
1
Congo
100 None
1
Russia
100 None
1
Sao Tome and Principe
100 None
1
Saint Lucia
100 None
1
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
100 None
1
Samoa
100 None
1
Saudi Arabia
100 None
1
Senegal
100 None
1
Seychelles
100 None
1
Sierra Leone
100 None
1
Slovenia
100 None
1
Solomon Islands
100 None
1
South Africa
100 None
1
Sudan
100 None
1
Suriname
100 None
1
Sweden
100 None
1
Tajikistan
100 None
1
Tonga
100 None
1
Trinidad and Tobago
100 None
1
Tunisia
100 None
1
Turkmenistan
100 None
1
Tanzania
100 None
1
United Arab Emirates
100 None
114
Uruguay
100 None
115
Uzbekistan
100 None
116
Vanuatu
100 None
117
Venezuela
100 None
118
Zambia
100 None
119
Zimbabwe
100 None
120
Cuba
100 None
121
United States
100 None
122
Latvia
100 None
123
Portugal
99 None
124
Switzerland
99 None
125
Denmark
99 None
126
Myanmar
99 None
127
Grenada
98 None
128
Albania
98 None
129
China
97 None
130
Nepal
96 None
131
Croatia
95 None
132
Malawi
93 None
133
Benin
92 None
134
Pakistan
91 None
135
Togo
91 None
136
Austria
90 None
137
Greece
90 None
138
Vietnam
89 None
139
Antigua and Barbuda
88 None
140
Gambia
86 None
141
Belarus
86 None
142
Uganda
85 None
143
Japan
85 None
144
Spain
85 None
145
Turkey
84 None
146
Israel
82 None
147
Azerbaijan
82 None
148
United Kingdom
81 None
149
Lebanon
81 None
150
Taiwan
80 None
151
Luxembourg
80 None
152
Slovakia
79 None
153
Lithuania
79 None
154
Sri Lanka
79 None
155
Romania
78 None
156
Cambodia
77 None
157
Serbia
77 None
158
Bulgaria
76 None
159
Bahrain
76 None
160
Nigeria
74 None
161
France
74 None
162
South Korea
73 None
163 Italy 72 None
164
Burundi
69 None
165
Czech republic
69 None
166
Cyprus
67 None
167
Thailand
64 None
168
Poland
64 None
169
Netherlands
62 None
170
Germany
61 None
171
India
60 None
172
Hungary
54 None
173
Belgium
50 None
174
Ukraine
49 None
175
Barbados
48 None
176
Moldova
45 None
177
Rwanda
36 None
178
Singapore
36 None
179
Bangladesh
33 None
180
Malta
33 None

Source and Calculation

Layers of built-up and agricultural land are sourced from the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES). The percentage of each country’s converted land is calculated as a sum of the agricultural and built-up land in each country divided by its total land area. A maximum score is awarded to a country that has 20% or lower of its terrestrial area converted to agricultural or built-up land.

*Different sources offer varying data, as datasets may be subject to changes due to recent updates and revisions.