Calandrella

These birds are found across parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, especially in dry, open habitats like grasslands, steppes, and semi-deserts. They are typically brown or sandy-colored with streaked patterns that help them blend into their surroundings—a useful trait since they spend most of their time on the ground.

A standout feature of Calandrella larks is their compact build and short toes—hence the name “short-toed.” They typically have sturdy legs, short tails, and straight bills designed for picking seeds and insects off the ground. Their coloring might seem dull at first glance, but it’s actually a perfect fit for their dry, dusty environments, helping them avoid predators. During the breeding season, males become more vocal and can often be seen performing short, fluttery flights while singing to attract a mate. Their songs may not be as elaborate as those of other birds, but they have a soft, melodic quality that suits the quiet landscapes they inhabit.

Unlike many other birds, Calandrella species do not rely heavily on trees or shrubs. Instead, they build their nests right on the ground, usually hidden among grasses or under small rocks and clumps of vegetation. These nests are shallow scrapes lined with soft materials like grass or feathers. The eggs, like the adults, are camouflaged to blend in with the soil. After hatching, the chicks grow quickly and are soon running about, thanks to their strong legs and a healthy instinct to keep low and still when danger approaches. Because of their life on the ground, these birds are vulnerable to habitat changes, particularly overgrazing and land conversion for agriculture, which can destroy the very cover they depend on for survival.