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    Cephalopterus – Umbrellabird

    Often called umbrellabirds because of the strange, umbrella-like decorations on their heads

    A lesser-known but intriguing genus within the bird family Cotingidae, consists of species commonly referred to as umbrellabirds. These birds are native to the humid forests of Central and South America, and they are celebrated for their unique appearance and fascinating mating behaviors.

    One of the most striking features of Cephalopterus species is their large, umbrella-like crest of feathers on the head, which can be fanned out or retracted. This crest, along with a prominent, inflatable wattle (a fleshy lobe) that hangs from the neck or chest, gives these birds a distinctive and somewhat prehistoric appearance. The males are predominantly black and larger than the females, showcasing more pronounced crests and wattles, which they use to attract mates. These features are not just for show; during mating seasons, males gather in communal display areas known as leks, where they show off their crests and wattles while emitting deep, booming calls. This performance is crucial as it attracts females and helps ensure mating success.

    Umbrellabirds are among the largest members of the Cotinga family, with some species reaching up to 50 centimeters (20 inches) in length, including their wattles. They inhabit the lower to middle levels of the rainforest, where they primarily feed on fruits, large insects, and occasionally small vertebrates. This diet helps maintain the forest’s ecosystem by aiding in seed dispersal, especially for certain types of fruit trees that depend on larger birds for this service.

    An interesting aspect of the umbrellabird’s behavior is its relative solitude outside of the breeding season. Unlike many other bird species that might form flocks, umbrellabirds are mostly solitary, coming together only during the breeding season to participate in the lekking behavior that characterizes their reproductive strategy.