Found primarily around the Galápagos Islands and occasionally off the coast of northern Peru, this peculiar fish looks like it’s been pulled straight from a surreal painting. Its most unmistakable feature is, of course, its bright, lipstick-red lips, which stand out vividly against its pale, sand-colored body. With its flat, angular shape, arm-like fins, and pouty mouth, the red-lipped batfish has become something of an underwater celebrity—often described as looking like a grumpy fashion model strutting across the ocean floor.

Unlike most fish, it can barely swim. Instead, it uses its sturdy, limb-like pectoral and pelvic fins to “walk” along the seafloor in a comical, waddling gait that looks more like a robot shuffle than a glide. Its flattened, triangular body helps it stay close to the ground, while its coloration—ranging from sandy beige to brownish-gray—provides excellent camouflage against volcanic rock and coral rubble. The batfish’s mouth points downward, perfectly positioned for grabbing worms, small crustaceans, and mollusks that hide in the sediment.

The red-lipped batfish also has a special facial feature: a tiny fishing lure called an illicium, located between its eyes. This little rod-like projection is used to attract prey, just like in deep-sea anglerfish. The lure ends in a small fleshy bulb (esca), which can wiggle or release a chemical scent to draw in curious creatures. When unsuspecting prey—like a shrimp or small crab—comes close enough, the batfish simply snaps its jaws shut in a quick strike. Because it’s such a poor swimmer, this ambush strategy is crucial for survival, allowing the batfish to catch food without expending much energy.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Pacific ocean

2022

Ecuador

2022

Galápagos