One of the smallest marine dolphin species in the world and is unique to the coastal regions of New Zealand. This species is highly distinctive with its grey, white, and black coloration and a rounded, black dorsal fin that resembles a Mickey Mouse ear. Unlike many other dolphins that have a more elongated or pointed fin, Hector’s dolphin’s rounded fin helps it stand out visually.

One of the most striking features of Hector’s dolphin is its color pattern. The body is mainly light grey with a darker grey or black dorsal fin and mask-like black markings around the eyes. The throat and belly are white, creating a sharp contrast that is immediately noticeable against the darker top portion of the body. This distinct coloration provides camouflage from predators and prey in the water.

Hector’s dolphins are known for their friendly nature. They are typically seen in small groups called pods, which usually consist of around two to ten individuals, although larger groups can form when food is abundant. They are not as acrobatic as other dolphin species, but they engage in playful behavior such as jumping and body-slapping the water surface. These dolphins communicate through a series of high-pitched clicks and whistles, which are thought to play a role in social interaction and navigation.

The natural habitat of Hector’s dolphins is closely tied to the shallow coastal waters of New Zealand. They rarely venture more than a few kilometers from shore. This preference for shallow waters places them at risk from human activities, particularly from entanglement in fishing nets, a major cause of mortality. Pollution and boat traffic also threaten their well-being, impacting their natural behavior and breeding grounds.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

New Zealand

7,381

Official estimate

EN

2008

South Is., North Is.