Ranging across Nepal, northern India, Bhutan, and parts of Tibet and Pakistan, this primate lives in habitats from subtropical forests to alpine woodlands, sometimes at elevations of over 4,000 meters (13,000 feet). Its long, silky coat—ranging from gray to brownish-gray—helps it withstand the chill of mountain climates, while its black face, framed with lighter fur, gives it a dramatic, expressive appearance.

What makes the Nepal gray langur especially unique is its adaptation to high-altitude life. Few primates can survive in such cold, thin-air environments, but this langur thrives there by living in large, cohesive groups and feeding on a diverse diet. Unlike many monkeys that rely heavily on fruits, Nepal gray langurs are leaf-eaters (folivores). They have specialized stomachs with multiple chambers and bacteria that help them digest tough plant matter such as leaves, shoots, and seeds, allowing them to survive even in lean Himalayan winters when fruits are scarce. This adaptation makes them one of the hardiest primates in Asia.

Socially, Nepal gray langurs are as fascinating as they are resilient. They live in troops that can number from a dozen to more than 50 individuals, usually led by one dominant male. Within the group, grooming and close contact strengthen bonds, and their vocalizations—including barks, whoops, and chattering calls—help coordinate movement through forests or warn of predators. They are also excellent climbers and spend much of their lives in the trees, though they will descend to the ground to forage when needed. Their role in the ecosystem is vital: by feeding on and dispersing seeds, they help maintain the health of Himalayan forests.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Afghanistan

2015

Presence Uncertain

Bhutan

2015

China

2015

Nepal

2015

Pakistan

2015