Also known as the Philippine sambar or “usa” in the local language, it is a fascinating and elusive species found in the forests of the Philippines. Unlike the larger sambars found in other parts of Asia, the Philippine deer is smaller and more compact, making it well-adapted to the country’s dense forests and rugged landscapes. It has a dark brown coat, which provides excellent camouflage among trees and bushes, helping it avoid predators. Males are easily recognizable by their short but sturdy antlers, which they use in fights during mating season. Unlike some deer species that live in large herds, the Philippine deer is often seen in small groups or as solitary individuals, making sightings in the wild rare.

One of the most interesting things about the Philippine deer is its ability to thrive in different environments, from thick rainforests to grasslands and mountain slopes. It is an herbivore that feeds mostly on leaves, grasses, fruits, and young shoots. Since it plays a crucial role in dispersing seeds through its droppings, the Philippine deer helps regrow and maintain forest ecosystems. Despite its adaptability, it is a nocturnal and highly cautious animal, making it difficult to observe in the wild. At night, it comes out to graze, always staying alert to avoid predators such as wild dogs and humans.

Sadly, the Philippine deer faces serious threats from habitat destruction and poaching. It has been heavily hunted for its meat, antlers, and hide, leading to population declines, especially in areas where forests are rapidly disappearing.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Guam

2014

Introduced

Micronesia

2014

Introduced

Nort. Mariana Is.

2014

Introduced

Philippines

2014