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    Anolis

    With colors that can change depending on their mood or surroundings, like they’re little chameleons!

    Predominantly found in the Americas, particularly from the southeastern United States through Central America and into much of South America. This genus includes well over 400 species, making it one of the most varied and widespread groups of lizards, each adapted uniquely to their environments.

    One of the most distinct characteristics of Anolis lizards is their vibrant dewlaps, colorful flaps of skin that can be extended from beneath their throats. These dewlaps are used primarily in communication and territorial displays. The color and size of the dewlap vary significantly between species, ranging from bright reds and yellows to subtle browns and greens. The dewlaps often correlate with the lizards’ specific habitats to enhance their signaling effectiveness. This feature is particularly prominent in males, who use them to ward off rivals or attract mates.

    Anolis lizards are also known for their exceptional adaptability. They have evolved to occupy a range of ecological niches, particularly where they are found within forests. Some species dwell on tree trunks close to the ground, others prefer the mid-level branches, while some inhabit the highest canopies. This separation reduces competition for food and space. They have developed different body types, colors, and behaviors suited to these specific habitats, a phenomenon known as adaptive radiation.

    Another notable trait is the ability of many Anolis lizards to change color, although not as dramatic as in chameleons. This color change is generally used for social signaling rather than camouflage, as previously believed. The changes can be influenced by temperature, mood, and the lizard’s health, providing them with a unique method of nonverbal communication.

    A fun fact about Anolis lizards is their “toe technology.” They possess specialized toe pads that allow them to grip and climb smooth surfaces like glass. These pads are covered with thousands of tiny hair-like structures that increase their surface area, enabling them to stick to surfaces through van der Waals forces.