Micrastur – Forest falcons

A fascinating group of stealthy, agile raptors that are unlike most other falcons. Instead of soaring in open skies like their cousins, forest falcons are specially adapted to life in the dense, shaded forests of Central and South America. With their short wings, long tails, and quiet, patient hunting style, they are masters of ambush, gliding silently through the underbrush or pouncing from a hidden perch.

There are about seven recognized species within the Micrastur genus, including well-known ones like the barred forest falcon (Micrastur ruficollis), the slaty-backed forest falcon (Micrastur mirandollei), and the collared forest falcon (Micrastur semitorquatus), which is the largest of the group. All are primarily found in tropical and subtropical forests, from southern Mexico through the Amazon Basin to Bolivia and Brazil. Despite being falcons, Micrastur species share many behaviors and traits more typical of owls or hawks than their high-flying relatives.

Forest falcons typically have broad heads, large eyes, and strong, hooked beaks. Their short, rounded wings and long tails make them excellent at maneuvering through thick vegetation, allowing them to chase prey on foot or with short, rapid flights. Their plumage is often a mix of grays, browns, blacks, and whites, helping them stay camouflaged in dim forest light.

These birds are ambush hunters, relying on stealth and surprise rather than speed. They perch silently, waiting for small mammals, birds, reptiles, or insects to pass below, and then strike suddenly. Some species are even known to hunt on the ground, chasing prey through the leaf litter or grabbing it from low branches. They’re also active at dawn and dusk, using the low light to their advantage.