Pseudaspididae – Mole and western keeled snakes

A small family of snakes that has recently been recognized for its distinct lineage within the serpentine world. Primarily found in Africa, these snakes exhibit several unique traits and behaviors that differentiate them from other snake families. They have a somewhat secretive nature, which, coupled with their specific habitat preferences, makes them a less commonly observed but intriguing group of reptiles.

One of the standout features of the Pseudaspididae family is their morphology. These snakes tend to have robust bodies with smooth scales that aid in their primary method of locomotion. They are generally medium-sized, with lengths varying significantly depending on the species, usually ranging from 60 cm (24 in) to over a meter. Their coloration tends to be earthy—browns, tans, and sometimes greens—which helps them blend seamlessly into their natural surroundings, providing camouflage from predators and prey alike.

The false asp snakes are named for their superficial resemblance to the true asps, particularly in their defensive behavior when threatened. However, they do not possess the same level of venom toxicity as true asps. Pseudaspididae are mildly venomous, but their venom is not considered dangerous to humans. They are equipped with rear fangs, which they use to subdue their prey, typically consisting of small mammals, birds, and sometimes amphibians.

Behaviorally, these snakes are primarily terrestrial, though some species may exhibit occasional climbing abilities. They are known for their shy and reclusive nature, often hiding beneath rocks, in thick leaf litter, or within burrows abandoned by other animals. Their activity patterns can vary, but many are nocturnal, preferring to hunt and move under the cover of darkness, which helps avoid predators and increases their efficacy as hunters.