Trachyphonus – African terrestrial barbets

Found across sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in savannas, open woodlands, and scrublands, Trachyphonus species stand out not just for their appearance but also for their lively personalities. Unlike the quieter, tree-loving barbets of the tropics, members of Trachyphonus are often terrestrial or semi-terrestrial, spending much of their time on the ground or low shrubs, digging into termite mounds, hopping noisily across open spaces, and filling the air with their loud, cackling songs.

The genus includes several standout species, such as the crested barbet (Trachyphonus vaillantii), the yellow-breasted barbet (Trachyphonus margaritatus), the d’Arnaud’s barbet (Trachyphonus darnaudii), and the spot-flanked barbet (Trachyphonus margaritatus). All of these birds share a stocky build, large, slightly hooked bills, short tails, and bright, speckled plumage, often combining patches of yellow, black, red, white, and green. Their flamboyant colors make them hard to miss, even in the dappled light of the African bush.

One of the most distinctive behaviors of Trachyphonus barbets is their loud, repetitive calls, often described as trills, rattles, or cackles. Pairs or small groups will often engage in duet calling, with one bird starting a song and another immediately joining in. These calls are not just for fun — they play an important role in marking territory, strengthening pair bonds, and warning off rivals. If you hear a raucous, almost laughing sound while walking through a savanna or scrubland, chances are a Trachyphonus barbet isn’t far away!

Many Trachyphonus species are excellent diggers. Instead of relying solely on existing cavities, some species — like the crested barbet — dig their own nest holes into termite mounds, earth banks, or soft tree trunks. They use their strong bills like chisels, hammering away with surprising strength for their size.