A quintessential symbol of the African savannah, it embodies grace and agility in every aspect of its existence. This species thrives in the ecotones, the transitional zones between two distinct ecosystems, typically where dense woodlands meet open savannahs. Its preference for such habitats underscores its need for a balance between cover for protection and open spaces for feeding.
Distributed widely across southern and eastern Africa, impalas have adapted to various light woodland and savannah environments. These regions provide the impalas with their dietary needs, primarily of grasses during the rainy season and a mix of leaves and shoots during dryer periods. This dietary flexibility allows impalas to thrive where food sources may fluctuate seasonally.
Impalas are diurnal creatures, active mainly during the cooler hours of dawn when they forage for food. As the day heats up, they tend to rest, ruminating in the shade until it cools again in the late afternoon or evening. This pattern of activity helps them conserve energy and avoid the midday heat.
Their society is structured around three main group types: female herds, bachelor herds, and solitary territorial males. Female herds are comprised of females and their young, offering safety in numbers from predators. Bachelor herds consist of males that have not yet won a territory or a mate, serving as a pool of potential challengers to the territorial males. Territorial males control patches of land attractive to females, either for the quality of grazing or availability of water, and defend them fiercely against rivals. Allogrooming, the practice of grooming one another, is an essential social activity within these groups, promoting bonding and helping to maintain the social fabric of the herd.
Distribution
Angola
Botswana
Burundi
Official estimate
Eswatini
Gabon
Kenya
Malawi
Mozambique
Namibia
Rwanda
South Africa
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
ZimbabweDid you know?
- Males are called rams, while females are known as ewes.
- The males with full-grown horns establish a dominant position and breeding territory. Horns are used to challenge other males and to test strength during territorial fights.
- Mothers can delay giving birth depending on the weather.
- The Impala is known for characteristic leaps that constitute an anti-predator strategy.
- Herding with other herbivores, “association tendency,” is also an important anti-predation strategy.
- The most prominent vocalization is the loud roar, which can be heard up to 2 km.
- There are cars and music inspired by Impala!
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Terrestrial / Aquatic
Altricial / Precocial
Polygamous / Monogamous
Dimorphic (size) / Monomorphic
Active: Diurnal / Nocturnal
Social behavior: Solitary / Pack / Herd
Diet: Carnivore / Herbivore / Omnivore / Piscivorous / Insectivore
Migratory: Yes / No
Domesticated: Yes / No
Dangerous: Yes / No
