Native to southeastern Tibet, this rare monkey lives in rugged mountain forests at elevations ranging from 1,400 to over 2,700 meters (4,600–9,000 feet). What makes it especially striking is the white patch of fur on its cheeks that contrasts sharply with its otherwise dark brown coat. This unique facial marking sets it apart from its close relatives, giving it a distinct “masked” look that first alerted researchers to the fact that it was a species new to science.

The discovery of the white-cheeked macaque was a reminder that even in the 21st century, with modern science and exploration, new large mammals can still be found. Prior to its identification, it was often confused with the Arunachal macaque (Macaca munzala) and the Assamese macaque (Macaca assamensis). Careful study of its facial features, tail length, and behavior confirmed that it was a separate species. Like other macaques, it is highly social and lives in troops that forage together, communicating with calls and facial expressions. Its mountain forest habitat provides it with fruits, seeds, leaves, and small insects, though food availability shifts with the seasons in its challenging highland environment.

Sadly, despite being a newly described species, the white-cheeked macaque is already under serious threat. It is hunted for meat in some areas, and habitat destruction due to human expansion has fragmented its range. Because it was only recently discovered, very little is known about its population size, behavior, or ecology, and conservationists fear it may already be endangered. Its late scientific recognition shows how little is still known about remote ecosystems—and how quickly species can slip into danger before we fully understand them.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

China

2021

India

2021