A striking and fascinating snake found in the eastern and central United States. It is a type of pit viper with heat-sensing pits on its face that help it detect warm-blooded prey, even in the dark. Although venomous, its bites are rarely fatal to humans, and the snake tends to avoid confrontation, preferring to rely on its excellent camouflage to stay hidden.

Copperheads are most commonly found in wooded areas, rocky hillsides, and near streams or wetlands. They are adaptable and can also thrive in suburban areas, especially in places with plenty of ground cover. These snakes are ambush predators, lying in wait for unsuspecting prey to come close. Their diet consists mainly of small mammals, birds, lizards, frogs, and insects. They are particularly known for their appetite for cicadas, often preying on emerging cicada broods during specific seasons.

Despite their venomous nature, Eastern copperheads are not aggressive and will usually only bite if they feel threatened or are accidentally stepped on. They may vibrate their tails or emit a strong musk as a warning when disturbed. Their venom is relatively mild compared to other pit vipers, and bites can often be treated effectively with prompt medical attention. It’s important to exercise caution and give these snakes space if encountered in the wild.

One unique behavior of copperheads is their use of “caudal luring,” especially in younger snakes. This involves wiggling the tip of their tails, which is often yellow, to mimic the movement of a worm or insect. This clever trick attracts small prey within striking range. Their tail loses its yellow color as they mature, but they remain skilled hunters.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Mexico

2007

United States

2007