A hare found only in a small region of northern Spain, making it one of the most geographically restricted hares in the world. Endemic to the Cantabrian Mountains, this hare takes its name from the dense stands of broom shrubs (Genista and Cytisus) that dominate much of its habitat. Unlike its widespread relatives such as the European hare, the broom hare has evolved to thrive in a specific environment—cool, mountainous shrublands and meadows—making it unique among lagomorphs.

In appearance, the broom hare is similar to other hares but is generally smaller and more compact. It has a coat that changes seasonally, turning a lighter gray-brown in winter and a warmer, reddish-brown in summer, allowing it to blend seamlessly with the changing vegetation of the Cantabrian slopes. Its long ears and powerful hind legs are characteristic of hares, but its behavior sets it apart. Rather than inhabiting wide, open plains like the European hare, the broom hare prefers dense scrublands and mosaic habitats that can remain hidden from predators such as foxes and raptors.

Ecologically, the broom hare is a vital part of its highland ecosystem. It feeds mostly on shrubs, grasses, and herbaceous plants, playing a role in controlling vegetation growth and serving as prey for larger carnivores. However, because its range is so restricted and fragmented, it faces ongoing threats from habitat loss due to livestock grazing, land abandonment, and human encroachment. Climate change adds further pressure, as warming temperatures may shift or reduce the suitable highland habitats upon which it depends.

Discovered and described only in the late 20th century (1977), it is still one of the least-studied lagomorphs, meaning there are likely many secrets left to uncover about its behavior and ecology. And unlike rabbits, broom hares do not dig burrows but rely on shallow scrapes or natural cover, depending heavily on the safety of their shrubland homes.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Spain

VU

2023