A small yet striking reptile found across the Galápagos Islands. This lizard, belonging to the genus Microlophus, is well-known for its adaptability and its role in the unique ecosystems of these volcanic islands.

These lizards are relatively small, and their coloration can vary significantly, even between individuals on the same island, depending on their specific habitat. Most display earthy tones like brown, gray, or reddish hues that help them blend seamlessly with the lava rocks and sandy soils of their environment. Males are often larger and more colorful than females, sometimes showing bright patches of red or orange on their throats and heads, particularly during the mating season. Females, on the other hand, may exhibit a distinct red or orange belly, a trait that becomes more pronounced when they are ready to mate.

The lava lizard’s behavior is one of its most fascinating aspects. These lizards are highly territorial, with males often seen performing a series of push-up-like movements to assert dominance or defend their territory. This display serves both as a warning to rivals and as an advertisement to potential mates. Males can become quite aggressive toward intruders, engaging in brief but intense physical confrontations to protect their space.

Galápagos lava lizards are diurnal, meaning they are active during the day. They spend their time basking on sun-warmed rocks, foraging for food, and keeping an eye out for predators such as hawks and snakes. Their diet is primarily insectivorous, including ants, beetles, and spiders, but they are also known to eat plant material and even small pieces of carrion, showing their adaptability. This varied diet helps maintain the delicate balance of the island’s ecosystem, as they control insect populations and assist in nutrient recycling.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Ecuador

LC

2012

Galápagos