As its name suggests, its skin is patterned with bold, reddish-brown blotches outlined in black, resembling the spots of a leopard. This gives the toad a beautiful, eye-catching look that makes it stand out from the dull, warty appearance of many other toad species. It is also one of the largest toads in southern Africa, with adults growing up to 14 centimeters long. Its golden eyes with horizontal pupils add to its dramatic appearance, giving it a sharp, watchful look that matches its leopard-like name.

One of the most distinct features of the Western leopard toad is its restricted range and seasonal lifestyle. It is found mainly around Cape Town and the surrounding lowlands, living in gardens, wetlands, and coastal plains. It is quiet and secretive for much of the year, spending time hidden under vegetation, logs, or garden debris. But during the breeding season in late winter and spring, usually after heavy rains, it undergoes a remarkable transformation in behavior. Hundreds of toads make their way to wetlands and ponds to breed, and during this time, males produce a loud, deep “snore-like” call that fills the night air. These mass migrations often bring them across busy roads, making them more visible—and sadly, more vulnerable.

What sets the Western leopard toad apart from other amphibians is its urban survival story. Unlike many species that disappear when cities grow, this toad has survived in suburban Cape Town, where it often breeds in garden ponds and hides in people’s yards. However, this close connection to humans also creates dangers: road traffic, habitat loss, and pollution threaten its survival. Conservation groups and local volunteers now organize “toad patrols” during the breeding season, helping the animals cross roads safely.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

South Africa

EN

2016

Western Cape