One of the most widespread and well-known members of the flat lizard family, found across parts of southern Africa, especially in South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Eswatini (Swaziland). True to its name, this species is commonly seen basking on rocky outcrops in sunny, dry areas. Its most distinctive feature is its extremely flat body, which allows it to slip effortlessly into the narrowest rock crevices—a perfect escape route from predators like birds and snakes. This flattened shape is not just practical; it’s a remarkable adaptation to life among the rocks.

What makes the common flat lizard especially fascinating is its vivid appearance and social behavior. Males are boldly colored, often with bright orange or red tails, striking blue bellies, and black-and-white markings. These colors become even more intense during the breeding season and are used in displays to attract females or to challenge rival males. Females and juveniles, in contrast, are much duller in color—usually brown or gray with faint striping—so they can blend in more easily with the rocky landscape. This difference in color between the sexes is a classic case of sexual dimorphism.

Common flat lizards are diurnal (active during the day) and spend a lot of time sunning themselves on rocks to warm up since they rely on external heat to regulate their body temperature. When not basking, they’re busy darting after insects like ants, beetles, and termites, which make up the bulk of their diet. If threatened, they can disappear in a flash, diving into cracks and flattening their bodies so tightly against the rock that even persistent predators can’t reach them.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Angola

2019

Botswana

2019

Burundi

2019

Congo-Brazzaville

2019

DR Congo (Kinshasa)

2019

Eswatini

2019

Kenya

2019

Malawi

2019

Mozambique

2019

Namibia

2019

South Africa

2019

São Tomé & Príncipe

2019

Tanzania

2019

Zambia

2019

Zimbabwe

2019