It is the only venomous snake naturally found in the UK and widespread across Europe. It is relatively small and stocky, with a distinct zig-zag pattern along its back, and can exhibit a variety of color morphs, from greys and browns to more unusual melanistic forms that are entirely black.
These snakes prefer a range of habitats, from woodlands to heathlands and moorlands, often basking in sunny spots. They have a particular affinity for areas with a combination of cover and open areas for thermoregulation. During colder months, they hibernate, often in groups, in well-insulated habitats like compost heaps or rodent burrows.
The diet of the European adder consists mainly of small mammals, such as voles and mice, which they subdue with their venom. They also consume lizards and ground-nesting birds when available. The hunting strategy of an adder involves using its camouflage to ambush prey, delivering a quick venomous bite before waiting for the venom to take effect.
While the European adder is venomous, its bite is generally not fatal to humans, with severe cases often associated with allergic reactions, pre-existing health conditions, or lack of timely medical treatment. Symptoms of a bite can include pain, swelling, and localized tissue damage. However, fatalities are extremely rare, and the snake tends to be shy and will only bite if disturbed or provoked.
Distribution
Albania
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia And Herz.
Bulgaria
China
Croatia
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Netherlands
North Korea
North Macedonia
Norway
Poland
Romania
Russia
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
United KingdomAnything we've missed?
Help us improve this page by suggesting edits. Glory never dies!
Suggest an editGet to know me
Terrestrial / Aquatic
Altricial / Precocial
Polygamous / Monogamous
Dimorphic (size) / Monomorphic
Active: Diurnal / Nocturnal
Social behavior: Solitary / Pack / Herd
Diet: Carnivore / Herbivore / Omnivore / Piscivorous / Insectivore
Migratory: Yes / No
Domesticated: Yes / No
Dangerous: Yes / No
