A rare and beautiful lizard native to the eastern Caribbean islands, including Dominica, Guadeloupe, and several of the Lesser Antilles. Once widespread throughout the region, this striking reptile has now become critically endangered, surviving only in small, scattered populations. Known for its calm demeanor and gentle disposition, the Lesser Antillean iguana is a symbol of the fragile balance of island ecosystems. Its very name, delicatissima, meaning “delicate,” perfectly captures both its graceful appearance and its vulnerable status in today’s world.

Unlike the more familiar green iguana, this species lacks large head spines and has a smoother, more refined look. Its coloration varies by age and sex: juveniles are bright green, which helps them blend into leafy surroundings, while adults tend to turn grayish-green, bluish, or even pinkish during the breeding season. Mature males often develop rosy or lavender highlights on their faces and jowls, giving them an almost royal appearance. The iguana’s throat fan (dewlap) and dorsal crest add to its elegant silhouette, making it one of the Caribbean’s most visually striking reptiles. Its long claws and strong limbs make it a skilled climber, spending much of its time basking in the sun or resting in tree branches.

The Lesser Antillean iguana is an herbivore that feeds primarily on leaves, fruits, flowers, and buds. It plays an essential role in its environment as a seed disperser, helping to regenerate forests and maintain healthy ecosystems. These iguanas are most active during the day, basking to absorb heat before foraging for food. During the breeding season, males become territorial and display through head-bobbing and dewlap extension to attract females or warn off rivals.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Anguilla

2018

Antigua & Barbuda

Official estimate

EX

Extinct locally

Bonaire Sint Eustatius And Saba

2018

Sint Eustatius

Dominica

2018

Guadeloupe

2018

Martinique

2018

Saint Barthélemy

2018

Saint Martin

Official estimate

EX

Extinct locally: French Part

Sint Maarten

Official estimate

EX

Extinct locally: Dutch Part

St. Kitts & Nevis

Official estimate

EX

Extinct locally