One of the most remarkable reptiles of the highland forests of Central Africa, especially in the Democratic Republic of Congo and surrounding regions. True to its name, this chameleon sports bizarre, elongated horns sprouting from its snout, giving it a dragon-like appearance. These horns are most prominent in males, who use them in displays and sometimes in gentle jousting matches to establish territory or impress females. Combined with its rough-textured skin, muted forest colors, and tall casque (helmet-like head crest), the Strange-horned chameleon looks like something straight out of a fantasy novel.

Unlike more widespread species, it prefers cool, humid habitats at higher elevations, moving slowly among the mossy branches where it blends in perfectly. Its coloration typically ranges from earthy browns to leafy greens, allowing it to vanish into the background, but like other chameleons, it can shift tones to signal mood or temperature changes. Its deliberate, swaying movements mimic leaves in the breeze, making it almost invisible to predators and prey alike.

Like many of its cousins, the Strange-horned chameleon is an ambush predator, relying on stealth and precision rather than speed. With independently moving eyes, it scans its environment in nearly every direction at once, waiting for an insect to come close. Then, in a flash, it unleashes its long, sticky tongue—sometimes longer than its own body—to capture the unsuspecting prey. Its horns may grab attention, but its tongue is its true weapon. Despite their fierce appearance, these chameleons are generally shy, spending most of their lives alone among the branches.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

DR Congo (Kinshasa)

2013

Uganda

2013