In recent years, there has been a notable expansion of its distribution farther northwest into Europe, reflecting its adaptability to diverse habitats and environments. This woodpecker species is commonly found in open forests, plantations of trees and shrubs, as well as parks and gardens, where it relies on ancient trees for both food and nesting sites. Despite its striking coloration, the Syrian woodpecker often goes unnoticed due to its relatively secretive behavior and preference for dense vegetation.
Measuring approximately 23 centimeters (9 inches) in length, the Syrian woodpecker shares similarities in appearance with both the great spotted woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) and the lesser spotted woodpecker (Dryobates minor). The male Syrian woodpecker is distinguished by its glossy black upper body adorned with a vibrant red mark on the nape, adding a splash of color to its plumage. Additionally, the male features white markings on the forehead, sides of the face, and neck, creating a striking contrast against the dark background. During the flight, the black flight feathers display prominent white patches, forming three distinctive wing bars, while a large white patch adorns the shoulder region. When the Syrian woodpecker fans out its short, stiff tail for climbing support, observers may notice a few white dots on the outer tail feathers.
In terms of behavior, the Syrian woodpecker exhibits typical woodpecker characteristics, including its distinctive drumming sounds produced by rapid pecking on tree trunks. This behavior serves multiple purposes, including communication with other woodpeckers, establishing territory, and locating potential food sources hidden beneath the bark of trees. As an omnivorous species, the Syrian woodpecker feeds on a diverse diet that includes insects, larvae, seeds, nuts, and occasionally small fruits. Its foraging techniques involve probing and excavating into tree bark using its specially adapted bill to uncover prey items.
Distribution
Albania
Armenia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bosnia And Herz.
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czechia
Egypt
Georgia
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Lebanon
Official estimate
Moldova
Montenegro
North Macedonia
Poland
Romania
Russia
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Syria
Turkey
UkraineAnything we've missed?
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Terrestrial / Aquatic
Altricial / Precocial
Polygamous / Monogamous
Dimorphic (size) / Monomorphic
Active: Diurnal / Nocturnal
Social behavior: Solitary / Pack / Herd
Diet: Carnivore / Herbivore / Omnivore / Piscivorous / Insectivore
Migratory: Yes / No
Domesticated: Yes / No
Dangerous: Yes / No
