Often called the “guardians of the roof of Africa,” Ethiopian wolves are found high in the remote mountains of Ethiopia. They live in small, scattered groups struggling to survive due to shrinking habitats as farmland expands and human settlements push further into their territory. These beautiful wolves have bright reddish coats with white markings on their throat and chest, making them stand out against the rocky highland landscape. Although they may look like sly foxes, they are specialized hunters of rodents and other small creatures, relying on their sharp senses and swift movements to catch meals in these cold and rugged terrains.

Sadly, the challenges these wolves face are not limited to habitat loss. One of the biggest dangers threatening their survival is the spread of diseases like rabies and canine distemper. These illnesses often come from domestic dogs that share the same environment. A single outbreak can wipe out an entire pack, placing these rare canids—which happen to be Africa’s most endangered carnivores—at grave risk. In response to this threat, researchers at Oxford University, working under the Ethiopian Wolf Conservation Program, have stepped in to control disease outbreaks and monitor the remaining wolf populations. By tracking their movements, health, and breeding patterns, scientists can learn more about how to keep them safe and maintain stable numbers in the wild.

Another vital part of protecting Ethiopian wolves involves vaccinating nearby domestic dogs. Since dogs and wolves often cross paths while roaming, vaccination campaigns create a barrier that helps stop the spread of rabies and other illnesses. These programs involve local communities and encourage cooperation, ensuring that farmers, herders, and conservationists can work together to safeguard the wolves’ future.

Distribution

Country

Population est.

Status

Year

Comments

Ethiopia

197

Official estimate

EN

2011