The European green toad is a remarkable amphibian species known for its exceptional heat tolerance and resistance to desiccation. Found across a wide range of semi-desert and mountainous regions, spanning from France and Denmark to western Russia and the Balkans.
These toads have the remarkable ability to endure temperatures as high as 40°C (104°F). This heat resistance is a crucial adaptation that allows them to thrive in the scorching heat of their arid and semi-desert habitats. Unlike many other amphibians that are sensitive to extreme temperatures, the European green toad can remain active and survive in conditions that would be lethal to most of their amphibious relatives.
Furthermore, these toads exhibit a fascinating ability to tolerate desiccation, which sets them apart from the conventional notion of amphibians that require consistently moist environments. While most amphibians rely on damp skin for respiration and are highly sensitive to dehydration, the European green toad can withstand significant water loss. In fact, they can survive even when their bodies lose nearly 50% of their water content. This remarkable adaptation allows them to endure extended periods of aridity in their habitats.
During the breeding season, European green toads make their way to water bodies to reproduce, as is typical for amphibians. However, for the majority of the year, they spend their time hidden underground in burrows and crevices to escape the harsh climatic conditions of their natural range. These underground shelters provide them with protection from extreme temperatures and help conserve moisture, enabling them to thrive in their challenging semi-desert and mountainous environments.
Distribution
Albania
Austria
Belarus
Bosnia And Herz.
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czechia
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Kazakhstan
Latvia
Lithuania
Malta
Moldova
Montenegro
North Macedonia
Poland
Romania
Russia
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Official estimate
UkraineAnything we've missed?
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Terrestrial / Aquatic
Altricial / Precocial
Polygamous / Monogamous
Dimorphic (size) / Monomorphic
Active: Diurnal / Nocturnal
Social behavior: Solitary / Pack / Herd
Diet: Carnivore / Herbivore / Omnivore / Piscivorous / Insectivore
Migratory: Yes / No
Domesticated: Yes / No
Dangerous: Yes / No
