Biodiversity

Georgia, located at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, is known for its rich biodiversity and diverse landscapes that range from coastal areas along the Black Sea to the soaring peaks of the Greater Caucasus Mountains. The lowland regions and coastal areas of Georgia, particularly along the Black Sea, are characterized by humid subtropical forests. These forests are home to species such as the Persian leopard, brown bear, and the Caucasian lynx. The Kolkheti National Park, with its wetlands and marshes, is a critical habitat for numerous bird species, including the rare Dalmatian pelican and various species of ducks and geese. The coastal regions also feature diverse plant life, including unique species like the Pontic rhododendron and Colchic boxwood.

The Greater and Lesser Caucasus Mountains provide diverse habitats ranging from broadleaf and coniferous forests to alpine meadows. These mountainous regions support wildlife such as the East Caucasian tur, chamois, and the endangered Caucasian snowcock. The lush forests are rich in biodiversity, featuring species like the oriental beech, chestnut, and the Caucasian fir. The alpine meadows, with their colorful wildflowers and endemic plant species, are a notable feature of Georgia’s high-altitude landscapes.

In the table below are the number of known species in several main groups, how many of these species are Threatened with extinction, and how many of them are Endemic (unique to Georgia only):